Discussions

Targeted transcriptional analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of Disperse Yellow 7 (DY7) on cellular stress, thyroid hormone, and reproductive systems. In experiments with DY7-contaminated water, no changes in gene expression were detected. Similarly, animals exposed to sediments containing DY7 did not exhibit changes in mRNA levels of trbeta, dio2, hsp30, and eralpha at any tested concentration. However, after exposure to the highest treatment concentration, hsp70 and hsp90 mRNA levels increased by 2.5-fold and 2.4-fold respectively (p < 0.01). Additionally, a significant 1.8-fold increase in hsp90 mRNA levels was observed at a treatment concentration of 2 µg/g (p = 0.016). Exposure to DY7 also impacted androgen-related genes ar and srd5α2. The expression of ar mRNA was reduced by approximately 2-fold in treated groups, but this reduction was statistically significant only in the 14 and 209 µg/g treatments (p = 0.029). Moreover, at the highest DY7 concentration (209 µg/g), srd5α2 mRNA was induced 2.6-fold (p = 0.024).